Migrate Data with Debezium

Debezium is a self-hosted distributed platform that can read data from a variety of sources and import it into Kafka. You can use Debezium to migrate data to CockroachDB from another database that is accessible over the public internet.

As of this writing, Debezium supports the following database sources:

• MongoDB
• MySQL
• PostgreSQL
• SQL Server
• Oracle
• Db2
• Cassandra
• Vitess (incubating)
• Spanner (incubating)
• JDBC (incubating)

Before you begin

Complete the following items before using Debezium:

• Configure a secure publicly-accessible CockroachDB cluster running the latest v24.2 production release with at least one SQL user, make a note of the credentials for the SQL user.
• Install and configure Debezium, Kafka Connect, and Kafka.

Migrate data to CockroachDB

Once all of the prerequisite steps are completed, you can use Debezium to migrate data to CockroachDB.

1. To write data from Kafka to CockroachDB, use the Confluent JDBC Sink Connector. First use the following dockerfile to create a custom image with the JDBC driver:

   FROM quay.io/debezium/connect:latest
   ENV KAFKA_CONNECT_JDBC_DIR=$KAFKA_CONNECT_PLUGINS_DIR/kafka-connect-jdbc
   
   ARG POSTGRES_VERSION=latest
   ARG KAFKA_JDBC_VERSION=latest
   
   # Deploy PostgreSQL JDBC Driver
   RUN cd /kafka/libs && curl -sO https://jdbc.postgresql.org/download/postgresql-$POSTGRES_VERSION.jar
   
   # Deploy Kafka Connect JDBC
   RUN mkdir $KAFKA_CONNECT_JDBC_DIR && cd $KAFKA_CONNECT_JDBC_DIR &&\
      curl -sO https://packages.confluent.io/maven/io/confluent/kafka-connect-jdbc/$KAFKA_JDBC_VERSION/kafka-connect-jdbc-$KAFKA_JDBC_VERSION.jar
   

2. Create the JSON configuration file that you will use to add data from your source database to a Kafka topic. For example:

   {
     "name": "pg-source",
     "config": {
       "connector.class": "io.debezium.connector.postgresql.PostgresConnector",
       "database.dbname": "{database}",
       "database.hostname": "{hostname}",
       "database.password": "",
       "database.port": "5432",
       "database.user": "postgres",
       "plugin.name": "pgoutput",
       "table.include.list": "public.test_table_small",
       "tasks.max": "1",
       "topic.creation.default.cleanup.policy": "delete",
       "topic.creation.default.partitions": "10",
       "topic.creation.default.replication.factor": "1",
       "topic.creation.default.retention.ms": "604800000",
       "topic.creation.enable": "true",
       "topic.prefix": "{username}",
       "slot.name" : "debezium"
     }
   }
   

3. Create the JSON configuration file that you will use to create the sink. For example:

   {
     "name": "pg-sink",
     "config": {
       "connector.class": "io.confluent.connect.jdbc.JdbcSinkConnector", 
       "tasks.max": "10",
       "topics" : "{topic.example.table}",
       "connection.url": "jdbc:postgresql://{host}:{port}/{username}?sslmode=require",
       "connection.user": "{username}",
       "connection.password": "{password}",
       "insert.mode": "upsert",
       "pk.mode": "record_value",
       "pk.fields": "id",
       "database.time_zone": "UTC",
       "auto.create": true,
       "auto.evolve": false,
       "transforms": "unwrap",
       "transforms.unwrap.type": "io.debezium.transforms.ExtractNewRecordState"
     }
   }
   

   Specify connection.url in JDBC format. For information about where to find the CockroachDB connection parameters, see Connect to a CockroachDB Cluster.

   The preceding snippet is an example configuration. For details on the configurable fields, see the Confluent JDBC Sink Connector documentation.

4. To create the sink, POST the JSON configuration file to the Kafka Connect /connectors endpoint. Refer to the Kafka Connect API documentation for more information.

See also

• Migration Overview
• Schema Conversion Tool
• Change Data Capture Overview
• Third-Party Tools Supported by Cockroach Labs
• Stream a Changefeed to a Confluent Cloud Kafka Cluster